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The Sign of the Cross in the Nineteenth Century

Description

Loreto Pub. reprint

Even pre-Christian pagans used signs of the cross, though they didn't know the full meaning of it.

p. 137 (PDF p. 143) notes "that the piety of him who makes the Sign of the Cross contributes to its efficacy." (i.e., it's a sacramental, and sacraments operate ex opere operantis), but p. 132 (PDF p. 138) claims "The gravest theologians teach even that the Sign of the Cross operates of itself, and independently of him who makes it.", which seems like ex opere operato , sacramental causality.