can a material and formal object be the same? i guess my question was: are there material objects for which there is only one possible formal object? Angels perceive everything at once; humans do not. Modern Philosophy: We cannot know reality perfectly by abstracting Cake white, sweet, round, etc... question: what is "proportionality" defined as when we talk about analogous concepts here? we seem to be using the concept "proportion" in two different senses in this context, mathematically and analogously, right? question: by "proportion" do we simply mean "relationship?" Epistemology defend realism against the modern idealism. We know things through mediation, etc.... fools rush in where angels fear to tread