ËKSfiâfiâeKttis 4 1 v/ f- The Irish o Ecclesiastical Record a Q0ontfclp Journal unDrr episcopal Sanction ϋί. - ’Λ U'A'”?x * - ΐ’· ->Va; V ■‘r; I·/,'* ■IM VOLUME ΧΧΧΠΙ JANUARY to JUNE, 1929 -,.x ·-< FIFTH SERIES DUBLIN BROWNE AND NOLAN, LIMITED, NASSAU STREET 1929 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 36 THE IRISH ECCLESIASTICAL RECORD and be thought the better by the world for so doing; and feel Is less disquietude every year. But you will have betrayed yomstt sorrier sight there cannot be, whatever the world may think, tta of a brave man acting like a coward, an earnest man like a trib FREEMASONRY Aubrey de Vere adds—writing, a couple of generation on the abiding and inevitable Plague of Controversy aJ A STUDY IN CATHOLIC SOCIAL SCIENCE ing the very essence of this so-called Church of W (p. 181):— VI1—THE JEWISH ELEMENT IN FREEMASONRY* Yet even to this, men bom for better things are reduced, If imaginary necessity of submitting themselves to a state of things ® for them by men immeasurably inferior to ttensdves, men who* them of those great primary ideas, Religion, Faith, and absolute B i [men] of a single generation, which lived its life and went to its judgt By Rev. E. CAHILL. S.J. N I 23 1928 fte Sacped . . . , , , o{ the Holy ... Office issued an important decree containing the decision of the Holy See on ‘ the nature and purpose On them, (out of whom he sprung, and to whom he of the Association called the Friends of Israel, and on the who has passed a judgement more final, than the Λ pampWet entitled Pax super Israel, edited by the directors «ted great sayer of the word, in his Essays 2 Thus of the Association.’ Although ‘ many priests, bishops and heard his great voice—in what, for him and his, arei even cardinals gave their adhesion to this association,’ the Sacred Congregation condemns and completely sup­ words, words, words :— presses it, by reason of ‘ its mode of acting and speaking If we are disposed to survey the realms of sacred or inspired theob which is out of harmony with the traditional sense of the we must quit the small vessel of human reason, and put ourselv® three centuries ago. board the ship of the Church, which alone has the Divine needle for shaping the course. And The true religion is built upon the Rock ; the rest are tossed f the waves of time. 'Λ v a' ί. Such were words, after the year 1600. Suppose thet■ words after the year 1500; and where was ‘ the Church where, ‘ the true Religion ’ ? There is no basis. There is no settlement. There is ' age-long drifting to and fro. Worship there is, of Ü, notions one happens to have arrived at ; and preachiiI ! of these notions as the doctrine of a Church, that, ' complacency, is equally pleased to have ascribed to h*f i these notions’ contradictories. Being nothing, she stani’ for everything. P. Stockley. « k * f ; , ■ ‘This article should have appeared as the fifth of the series. 1 Cf. Dictionnaire Apologétique de la Foi Catholique, art. ‘ Juifs et Chrétiens,’ cols. 1651-1764, especially cols. 1666-1668 (a well-balanced and comprehensive sketch with an excellent biography, by Felix Vernot) ; also art. ‘ Kabbalah ’ ; and finally art. ‘ Franc-Maçonnerie,’ by Gautherot (cols. 98-99 and 124-126). N. Deschamps, 8.J., Les Sociétés Secrètes et la Société, edited by CI. Janet, 4th edition (Avignon and Paris, 1881). Liv. II. Chap, xi., Sec. 6, Liv. ITT, Chap. Prelim., Sec. 9 ; also vol. iii. ‘ Annexes,’ ‘Document B.’ Mgr. Jouin, Les Fidèles de la Contre-Eglise, pp. 24-69, and Les Actes de la Contre-Eglise, pp. 21-115. Both works are published at 8 Avenue Portalis, Paris (viii). Analecta Juris Pontificii (Rome, 1855), Première Serie, 4ième liv. cols. 770-779 (‘Livres Talmudiques et Rabbiniques’) ; also Quatrième Serie, 35 ième. Liv. cols. 1417-1421 (‘Livres Talmudiques’). Bonsirven, Sur les Ruines du Temple. This work forms a volume of the series La Vie Chrétienne (published by B. Granet, Paris, 1928). Webster, World Revolution (2nd Edition) ; also Secret Societies and Subversive Movements (2nd edition, London, 1924). Even though one may not agree with many of Mrs. Webster’s opinions and conclusions, her books are valuable by reason of the historical matter, not otherwise easily accessible, which they contain, Sombart, The Jews and Modem Capitalism (translated from the German by M. Epstein, Dutton & Co., New York, 1913 ; the French translation of the same book is called Les Juifs et la vie economique). Sombart is a Jew, and a professor in the Handelhochschule of Berlin. His book is scholarly and thorough. Leroy-Beaulieu, Israel Among the Nations (translated from the French Israel chez les Nations, 15th edition, undated—an apology or defence of the Jews, written some thirty or forty years ago by a French nonJewish writer). Sydney and Beatrice Webb, Problems of Modem Industry 38 FREEMASONRY THE IRISH ECCLESIASTICAL RECORD 39 Church, the mind of the Fathers, and even the Saadi w^e· Hence, anyone that undertakes to convey liturgy itself.1 I even a summary idea of Freemasonry cannot afford to omit The secularist Press, which is mostly controlled by th t k present writer has made no study of the Jewish great Jewish financiers, immediately showed its appi® I ’n Dublin or in Ireland. He knows, however, that ation of the importance of the decree by striving to ml Jews in Ireland are a comparatively small body, represent it as a gesture of disapproval on the part of&l dthough increasing considerably in recent years .; and that Holy See of Catholic anti-masonic writers, whereas tin resident Jews have the reputation of being, on the contrary is the case. The decree is an authoritative fi industrious, law-abiding, and charitable. He has assertion of the traditional attitude of the Church towii them in mind when writing the present sketch, the Jewish people. The Church desires sincerely the c®| & however, a common belief among Catholics and version of the Jews to the true Faith. But she cannot co® ’ that Freemasonry is somehow or other closely promise with them any more than she can with *1 ^ated with modern Judaism. Our present purpose is Modernists or even with the so-called Anglo-Cathofe ^ducusshow far such a belief is well-founded, and what Hence, in the present decree, the Holy See takes measure* «the nature of the relations between the two. We may say against the Masonic and Jewish infiltrations into ti*| ««icethat the available evidence points to the following Church, which were being attempted through the medius !®eral «jndusions : ___ (1) That much of the external trappings of Free­ of the condemned association and pamphlet. On tM masonry, such as its ritual, its terminology, its legends, other hand she also reprobates as contrary to the Christs* I etc., are of Jewish origin; spirit and teaching Anti-Semitism, properly so-called, i (2) that the philosophy or religion of esoteric Free­ as she reprobates anti-Germanism or any other simihs l masonry (that is of the inner circle and controlling anti-ism that would imply * racial or national hatred- : power) is practically identical with the doctrines of But to follow the direction of Leo XIII and * tear aw»! | the Jewish Cabala, which is the religion or philosophy the mask from Freemasonry and let it be seen as it reaft J of a certain section of the Jews ; is,’1 is not anti-Semitism even when the Freemasons’*? (3) that a certain group of Jews, probably very few question are Jews; and needless to say, the Holy in number, but of immense influence and power, are does not follow the example of the Masonic sectaries in * \ hading Freemasons ; and misapplying the term.’ | (4) that a somewhat larger group of very influential Although the Jewish role in Freemasonry is for mao! Jews pursue the same ends as Freemasons, and use reasons difficult to deal with, some acquaintance with th»* umilar means, and are at least in close alliance with aspect of the subject is essential for an intelligent gr^F them. (tendon. 1S8S1 Chaps. 11^—‘The Jew» of East London,' (an iatereeting ! although the Jewish element in Freemasonry is of wrfwl sketch. by a friendly writer, of the social characteristics of the mod**’ Jw>. B. Lasara, sen hisietre ti (Pans, is»t Ræminant importance, and although it may be true Immb rt * Jew. arid b «neof toe few Jewish apolosriste who do not lay all** ’ Art il. « · τ . , , ■, -, , ... · mfvftriHtrty for toe «topatoy between Jew and Christian at the door of U* ««we Masome Jewish leaders do otten exploit tor their purposes■ ’Jewish solidarity and internationalism, and CaiMsf»· (2nd editioni pp. 3M-3Î1 (a œwnd summary of the Jewish quests ■ ■ MlVSIUty W 44bn.#· y 4M M-Λ? fWWM VW**44Aks MlWC!f QI (Πβ ~ ta ttii ratatirat to modem social acience). * CT. Aras ApaetA. SWi», April It IW». vol. mu p. 103. i > Mwwws ifenaa, l&M. • CT. Reti fsimt de See. April 39. ItM, p- 3β9 ft- where an aoeo^* ti rirm of toe cwndwrased hrapra. and of toe pwnpbJet Pat Svp» A * ' Bn apologist of Freemasonry in the Irish Times of April 20, 1928, j®*^Ananullah, King of Afghanistan: ‘It is not surprising to anyone wv* the craft that he is a Freemason, in view of his Jewish ancestry.’ 40 FREEMASONRY THE IRISH ECCLESIASTICAL RECORD the age-long antipathy between Judaism'and Christianity, Seated in these countries, just as the esoteric teachings one cannot on that account justly accuse or condemn lit ad real objects of Freemasonry are unknown to the vast Jewish people as a whole. Indeed, the facts of the cas Mjority of those that adhere to the Masonic sect or lend point to the conclusion that the rank and file of the Jew J itbeir support. , suffer no less, possibly even more, than the Christians free Ik second main source of the religion of modem the unscrupulous and altogether wicked activities of the hdaism, or at least of a certain section of modem Jews, ruling Masonic junta. s the Cabala,1 The term Cabala (Kabbalah) was originally A few words on modem Judaism by way of preliminaiy ®d to indicate that portion of the Mosaic Law which explanation will be acceptable to those of our readers whs «handed down by tradition, and consigned to writing by are not familiar with the subject. The two main souredJewish prophets and others. Since the thirteenth century, of the religious system of modem Judaism are the Tahnel hever, this ancient use of the term has fallen into desue· and the Cabala (Kabbalah). The former, which is founded Me, so that in modem times the Cabala means the colU?^n tJe_^h^ous and moraJ teachings of the Pharisee th® of the esoteric or occult doctrines of Judaism.’a of Our Lord s rime, is made up principally of the rabbinical &se latter are mainly founded on the Neo-Platonic °L T/ the the t,odrincs of the rar‘y Gnostics, and that have gathered round it. With the vast majority d ^tfosely connected with the occult worship of the Eastern modern orthodox Jews the Talmud has almost entirely ® toth ancient and modern times, which have supplanted the Old Testament.1 B. Lazare, the Jewish . ned since the early ages of the Christian era and even apologist, refers to the Talmud as ‘ the creator of the Jewish to infiltrate through the medium of nation, and the mould of the Jewish soul.’’ 3* The Talmul rabbinical has, in fact, been the principal factor in forming the national Ife «ui ,. writings into the Jewish religious system. ___ 'c* and religious teachings of the Cabala character of the modern Jewish nation, and of holding ^strate occultism and the Jews together as one people. · exPkin the strong °tendency --------- J to ~~ ------------------The Talmudic compilation is deeply impregnated with wXjC1Sm’ whi?h a section of the Jews have always opposition to Christianity.’ In medieval times not only an^ which they and the Freemasons have was the Talmud strictly forbidden to all Catholics, but the ! V 80 η®”uc ,Λh to . propagate ----------- in ’ the modem world. gT83100 of t,,e 'Talmudic books was regarded, before the | M Æœ ®ystom of occultism, which is so elusive estant revolt, as a criminal offence in most of the ? fcffil # t to define, is sometimes called Hermeticism, btates of Europe.· The most offending and anti-Christian I the Greek name of the god of wisdom— passages of the Talmud are, however, apparently omitted i % Responding to the Latin god Mercury—to ,n 7*e ®rdinarT Elfish translations and hand-books ; and s *®*stern bribed the authorship of the sacred books probably, are unknown to most Jews brought up and s y,Hermeticism is commonly taken to t^Pbism, Christian Scientism, Neo-Platonism, IWT-iese. Ate Schwer. JÿOfcr» -r At udaism and Jewish and pagan Cabalism. It is I—_t **» *** Jean (Maepbenon'e translation. eLm- *****' PT .***** Itwp.* «»*■·»«. ax. iakl ΑρΛ^ io®. «*. fans. eft. and «te* «er. Irr. 33, col 141 7 n Z î z f? i \ art· ‘Cabala’; also Diet. Apolog., art 'Nwdogie Catholique (Paris, 1923), art. 4 Cabala? ’ V* SraU? , ,tetlve work on the Jewish Cabalah is the Zohar (‘ SplenV^^^Wj-(‘rnieBook of Splendour’). There are two standard ; Mantua edition (1559) and that of Amsterdam by Jean de Paisley was published in 1906-1911 '11 ■ f 41 I Î » I. Ir i I fe F fr ? f I.! I. » I· I F f i. < i F F fa I F F t 42 THE IRISH ECCLESIASTICAL RECORD FREEMASONRY 43 in a large part a revival of the heresies of the Gnosth in the seventeenth century, long before the formal in­ Manicheans, Albigenses, Waldenses, etc., and aims 1' auguration of speculative Freemasonry, was not a Jew.1 providing the modern European race with some acceptai Again, it cannot be proved that Weishaupt, or Martinez substitute for Christianity.1 Î Pasqualis, or Joseph Balsamo, commonly known as The evidence of a connexion between Freemasonry aaj Cagliostro, were Jews, although to these were largely due certain aspects of Judaism, refer principally to the Caw the Illuminist and Martinist influences in the Freemasonry and the Cabalistic section of the Jews. That there eis of the eighteenth century.1 Even at the present day it is a close affinity between the Cabala and the doctrine anil well-known (although the fact does not prove much) that practices of esoteric Freemasonry is clear from what we to* many Masonic lodges refuse to admit Jews,3 as they written in a previous article of the nature of the latter fear their dominating influence, and find by experience One school of writers indeed maintains that Freemason^ that Jews, once admitted, soon acquire the mastery of is an instrument invented and utilized by the JewÜ the lodge. leaders for the destruction of Christianity. This view ή On the other hand, it is certain that the Jewish Cabalistic the case, however, which is at present widely accepted tradition was one of the principal mediums through which anti-Jewish writers, and many Catholic apologists,* hardk Eastern occultism (which has so many times come to the accords with well-known facts, and is almost certainly surface in European history) has been transmitted to false as regards the origin of Freemasonry. For a M modem Europe ; and that many, if not all, of the recognized time the Jews were excluded from most of the Germât founders of the eighteenth-century Illuminism (including English, and French lodges ; and up to the end of tbc Weishaupt, Pasqualis, and Cagliostro) were initiated into eighteenth century the total number of Jewish Freemasons its secrets by Jewish Cabalists or drew their inspiration was quite inconsiderable. Again, the assertion that tk tod their methods from the Jewish esoteric writings.* The real founders of German Dlumimsm and French MartinisOt i Jewish apologist, Bernard Lazare, states that ‘ there were which are the sources of the worst and most destructif ; Cabalistic Jews around the cradle of Freemasonry, as elements in Freemasonry, were Jews, has not been and, ‘ certain rites still in· existence conclusively show.’5 probably, cannot be proved. Elias Ashmole (1617-1646) ; From Pike’s Morals and Dogma of Freemasonry, which tlw celebrated English antiquarian, and the founder of the '■ we have already referred to as one of the most authoritative Oxford Museum, to whom is probably due the firet intnr works on Masonic teaching, it is clear that the doctrines auction of Hermeticism into the English Masonic lodge of esoteric Freemasonry, on such subjects as the nature of * Cf. Encydop. Britt., 11th edition, 1011, vol xiii n τσι mi , ' Cod, and his supposed identity with the universe, the fiature of the human soul, the true interpretation of the I Bible, etc., are quite identical with the expositions of ^udaieation At p. XXXI» 33vf 337· Oppin «Α T ~ -n-.—.... niqw, La Conjuration Juice contre U Monde Chrétien (lithtd^D^^f^ Diet. Apolog., art.‘Juifs et ChnStiens,’ col. 1687. S Jfr n'Æ yntee: 'Specially Jewish Institution», each ae Freemasonry’ (which M had inaugurated as a sort of bridge between themaelves and their seventeenth century) were particularly strong in Britain; and therek^-T. political tradition whereby the British State was tacitly accepted bv r*0®? * Governments as the official protector of the Jews in other countri^ » Jew, p. 21. (The italics are oure.) TA» i ! 1 ; 1 Cf. Diet. Apolog., loc. cit., col. 99. For Ashmole’s connexion with Freetannry, rf. Webster, Sec. Societies, pp. 102 and 120. 1 CL Webster, See. Soc. and Subversive Movements. Pasqualis is generally M down as a Jew of Portugal. But some writers deny that he was a Jew. ’This is true, for instance, of the Grand Lodge of Prussia, and the so­ ared ‘Christian’ lodges affiliated to it. * Cf. Diet. Apolog., loc. cit., col. 99; Webster, Secret Societies, etc., chaps. *i*ndix. * EAntisémitisme, p. 339. 44 FREEMASONRY THE IRISH ECCLESIASTICAL RECORD 45 these subjects contained in the Jewish Cabala.1 Tbt’ recognize that the Masonic ritual is of Jewish authoritative works of Ragon, ς the sacred author’ di Wn· Masonry, who was himself a Jew, illustrate the saa| AMiough during the eighteenth century the number theme. So do many other Jewish writings. | <<3ews in tKe Masonic lodges were few, the prejudice . . a r -, ■ λ · T · i, «gMDst them was lessened or eliminated as ... a result of., the Are we to wonder [wntes the pious Jewish rabbin, Benamoze^l . that Judaism has been accused of forming a branch of Freemasowjl Wement towards Jewish emancipation, which was itself It is quite certain that Masonic theology is at root nothing else thal largely due to Liberal and Masonic influences ; and since Theosophy, and that it corresponds to the theology of the Cabki of the nineteenth century the Cabalistic Jewish Besides a deep study of the rabbinical monumenta of early predominant at least in Continental of the Christian era supply numerous proofs that the aggada was üt 1 Ύ , -n popular form of an esoteric science, which presents, in its methods tl r freemasonry. Thus, while Jews are still initiation, the most striking resemblance to the Masonic system. Those | the so-called ‘ Christian’ lodges of Germany, the influence willing to go to the trouble of carefully examining the question ot ώ l latter is now overshadowed by those lodges which relations between Judaism and philosophic Freemasonry, Th^ophy> element mMe OT less occultism m general, will, we are convinced, lose their superb ais» i . „„„ , for the Cabala. They will no longer smile in pity at the suggests | pevails. Even in 1900 there were at least su S that the Cabalistic theology may have a rôle to play in the religio® * h the German Empire exclusive of the B’ne Berith lodges, transformation of the future.* I aTe entirely Jewish. So marked, indeed, is the Besides the existence of the Cabalistic element in Masoffic dominance of the Jewish element in German Freemasonry morals and dogma there are numerous other indications i &at the Masonic Journal Latomia (February, 1928) quotes which point to the important influence of Judaism on the t saying of Ludendorf : ‘ The Freemasons are the henchearly formation and development of Freemasonry. Me I men of the Jews.’1 . mention a few. The Masonic coat-of-arms still used by I It was Jews that introduced Freemasonry into the United the Grand Lodge of England is of Jewish design. Some j States of America; and Jews have always been a powerful of the more important legends of Freemasonry, especially hinence in the American Masonic organizations.1 Again, Masonic rite of Mizraim which includes no less than the Legend of Hiram, on which much of Masonic rite is ■ the Masonic, founded, are Jewish. ‘ The technical language, symbolism, i wdy degrees and is, perhaps, the most esoteric and and rites of Masonry are full of Jewish ideas and terms. . · · ^ elaborated of all the Masonic rites,3 has heen. founded. In the Scottish rite, the dates of all the official docu- 1 by Jews. So also has been the order of B'ne Berith (‘Sons ments are given according to the Hebrew month and the ' dtheAfliaD.ce’), and several other organizations of a similar Jewish era ; and use is made of the older forms of The Masonic rite of Mizraim belongs mainly to the Jewish alphabet.’ * Hence, approved Jewish writers Wipe, and some of its lodges are exclusively Jewish. Re order of B’ne Berith, which is altogether Jewish, is 1 Cf. Preuss, American Freemasonry. See index ‘ Kabbalah ’ and ‘ Kabbar (w rather was up to some twenty years ago) mainly liste.’ Also Diet. Apolog., loc. cit., col. 126. * Benamozegh, Israel et ΓHumanité, p. 71, quoted in Les Victoires tPIsraA, ’ American, and if not formally and professedly Masonic, par Roger Lambelin (Paris, 1928), p. 212. This latter work treats, amongst other things, of the emancipation of the Jews as a consequence of the French > Ws a striking resemblance to Freemasonry, in its Revolution, and the rapid conquests they have since achieved over the Christian organization of society in France, Russia, Poland, etc. One chapter (Chap, vii.) is devoted to the subject of anti-Christian propaganda by means of the Press, the theatre, fiction and romance, the operations of high finance, diplomacy, and international politics, the League of Nations, etc. The book is documented. * JewisA Encyclopaedia, vol. v., p. 503, art. ‘ Freemasonry.’^., ; ’ *(X. Rct. Intern, des Soc. Sec. May 6, 1928. lCt. Jouin, Les Fidèles de la Contre-Eglise Maçons, pp. 37-45, where lull tementaticn is given. i *Ct. Benoit, La Franc-Ma çonerie (Paris, 1895), vol. ii. pp. 326-330. 4 Ci. Fede e Ragirne (Fiesole) January 30, 1921, p. 6 fi. for a detailed, •«wait ol these organizations. •4^ μμμμ 46 THE IRISH ECCLESIASTICAL RECORD FREEMASONRY 47 organization and avowed objects, and is in intimait* alliance with Masonry.1 i The indications of a close connexion or working alliant* between Freemasonry and important sections of the fe’ are innumerable. | finance is also largely dominated, by Freemasonry is also generally admitted. Forty years previously, Disraeli, himself of the Jewish race, and an enthusiastic admirer of the Jews, called attention in an oft-quoted passage to the dominant but Masonry [writes the Jewish Chronicle (October 29, 1889) ] tolerata! hidden influence of the Jews in the political and economic everything except a narrow clericalism [viz., Catholicism] and it possesse \ life of* ” Europe a special attraction for the Jews. . . . Clericalism has always pexsecutdi mu vx v.o·..... „Λ ( That mysterious Russian diplomacy -which so alarms Western Europe Masonry everywhere it can . . . and the aspirit of persecution has invisible but" potent bond ή is organized and principally carried on by Jews : that mighty revolution tracted the Jews towards Masonry by an i . , • tr; which is at this moment preparing in Germany, which will be in fact sympathy. There exists between them a natural alliance against second and of which .so little is yet common enemy. ... Together they fight, oftentimes with succès,’I i-.™ —and ___greater e—— Reformation, —- T—™known against religious fanaticism and racial Antipathies. In London tai m E^d, is entirely developing under the auspices of the Jews who are no less than five Jewish lodges. There are some also at Birmingham ώη«Λ monopolize the professorial chairs m Germany. . . . 1 hear ot Liverpool and Manchester.2 | We and war m the newspapers, but I am never alarmed, except when ........ i I am informed that the sovereigns want treasure : then 1 know that It is nearly half a century ago since a well-known' monarchs are serious. A few years ago we [viz., a Jewish family of British review called attention to the dominant influence t fomeiers, in whose name he speaks] were aPPjlc·^ to ’J.A ’the - ., τ . , . j «solved to go myself to St. Petersburg. I had an interview with the of the Jews, not only m politics, the press, and into ! Wan Mi^stet,o£ Finance, Count Cancrin. I beheld the son of a national finance, but also in the revolutionary outbreak u^uanian jew. ... 1 resolved on repairing to Spain from Russia, of the century. Il had an audience with the Spanish Minister, Senor Mendezabel : I. I beheld one like myself, the son of a Nuovo-Christiano, a Jew of Aragon. The influence of the Jews at the present time is more notice»» II ... I went straight to - to, consult - the - President of the French v Paris than ever. That they are at the head of European capitalism, we ait |i Council ( -. I beheld the son of a French Jew. * And is Soult a Hebrew ? all aware. ... In politics many of the Jews are in the front rank..·· fj 1 Tes I and several of .... the __________________ French Marshals—Massena, for example.’ The That their excessive wealth, used as it has been, acts as a solvent influence ltaiàerô\Tthe~French Council made an application to the Prussian Minister . . . Count Amim entered the and Prussian in modem society cannot be questioned. . . . But while on the one - Cabinet, ' ’I ’beheld ' ” a τ» .· hand the Jews are thus beyond dispute the leaders of the plutocracy Jew. So you see, my dear Coningsby, that the world is governed by of Europe . . . another section of the same race form the leaders of \ very diSerent personages to what is imagined by those who · are not that revolutionary propaganda which is making way against that very i behind the scenes.1 capitalist class, representing their own fellow Jews. Jews, more than ’ any other men ... are acting as the leaders in the revolutionary move | That the hidden influences (which Disraeli here connects ment which I have endeavoured to trace.2 ■withJews) Jews) dominating dominating the the Liberal Liberal governments governments of of Europe Europe We have already shown, and it is generally admitted, that àming the last century were also closely allied with Freethe revolutionary outbreaks of the nineteenth century, masonry we have already shown, and is now commonly which are here attributed to Jewish influence, were admitted.2 international [ Gougenot de Mousseaux, in a remarkable study upon largely the work of Freemasonry.4 That ’ ■ Uns question, published nearly sixty years, ago, collects a 1 Cf. Les Fidèles de la Contre-Eglise Maçons, pp. 76 H. for proofs; with i large number of facts pointing to the close connexion of full documentation. In the German Maeonio review Latamia, February 28, 1928, the lodges of B’ne Berith are explicitly referred to as Masonic lodgesIn fact they are supposed to be the controlling power in German FreRTna^nry2 Quoted, ibid., p- 77, 78. 2 A’ineteenA Century, January, 1881, pp. 10, 11, art. by H. M. Hyndman, entitled ‘The Dawn of a Revolutionary Epoch.* 4 Cf. on this subject, Deschamps ; op. cit. {passim). k HH >■ i , f 1Coningsby, London, 1844, pp. 183-184. ‘Tour years alter the publication of Coningsby, the year 1848, Disraeli is quoted as saying that ‘ nearly all the Secret Societies have a Jew at the heed.’ a. L’Histoire ei les Histoires, p. 98, par Mgr. Landrieus, Bishop of Dijon (Paris, 1921). V* 1 “ ’ ^£**S&&* > 48 FREEMASONRY THE IRISH ECCLESIASTICAL RECORD 49 the inner and controlling elements of Freemasonry · section of-tiie Jewish nation, are practically identical with certain sections of Judaism. He thus summarizes hjji those of Freemasonry. Hence, an international Jewish conclusions :— > sJ’noct held at Leipsic, 1869, passed the following resolution : The real chiefs of this immense association of Freemasonry (the few | Synod recognizes that the development and realization of within the innermost circles of initiation), who must not be confounded l ™demt The striking similarity between this programme and | , the religious ideals of Freemasonry (humanitarianism, cos­ I mopolitanism, and non-sectarianism, or religious indiffer­ ace) needs no elaboration. ‘Quoted in Deschamps, op. cit. vol. iii. p. 25. 3 For a list of the central governing committee of the Universal Israelite Affiance, cf. The Jews' Who’s Who (published at 64 Oxford Street, London, W., f 1121.) 1 Le Juif, la Judaisms, et la Judaisation des Peuples Chrétiens (Paris, 1869). îi 1 Archives Israelites Universelles, tom. xxv. p. 511-520 (1861). Quoted in Deschamps, loc. cit., p. 24. p. 340. 3 Loc. cit. 3 Leroy-Beaulieu, op. cit., pp. 296-297. I vol xxxm—4 The national aims and ideals here attributed to—although , they belong, probably, only to a comparatively small ! 50 Μ Μ s THE IRISH ECCLESIASTICAL RECORD ( ■ FREEMASONRY 262762 51 Hence Père Deschamps writes, apropos of the present Up to the sixteenth century the Jews were excluded question:--\i tom ‘ practically <· u- all -« xt-— -c τη ------the m Christian States of Europe. Judaism itself is a kind of Freemasonry, owing to the national solidarity i With the rise of Humanism, however, in the fifteenth cen­ of the Jews, their cosmopolitanism, which sets the Jews free from al, tury, and the accentuation of the other causes that finally local and patriotic ties, and finally, the opposition of the Jews to I Jed to the break up of Christendom, the Jews managed Christianity.1 f to improve their position. They gradually gained re­ On the same subject M. Doinel, at one time member j admittance, sometimes covert, sometimes openly avowed, of the Council of the Grand Orient, who in recent years i into most of the countries from which they had been ex­ has become a Catholic, writes :— cluded. But although they were allowed to live under How often have I heard the Freemasons lament the dominance of ' the protection of the laws, they were not accorded full the Jews. . . . Ever since the Revolution the Jews have taken pos- [ civic rights in any of the Christian States. They engaged session of the Masonic lodges more and more completely : and their . dominance is now unquestioned. The Cabala rules as mXtressV i_________ the i * trade an(^ carried on usury, by means of which they . j frequently acquired immense wealth. But they were not inner lodges : and the Jewish spirit dominates the lower grades. In the mind of Satan the synagogue has an all important part to- play. r-y- --·. permitted to hold public offices, and were treated as aliens, The great enemy counts on the Jews to govern Masonry as Ihe counts [ j.^ usuany [n ghettos, apart from the Christian on Masonry to destroy the Church of Jesus Christ.2 community. It is in fact only the Cabalistic elements in Freemasonry | After the Protestant revolt, and especially under the that can account adequately for its envenomed and aggres· j influence of the Calvinistic sections of Protestantism, such siye opposition to tie true Church, and its never-flagging «M^eno'ts'ta ïïln^ the“pmitam ΪΓΒΗΰώ'Ιηά the efforts for the undermining and destruction of the Christian Dutch and Swiss Calvinists, the position of the Jews organization of society.® I gradually improved more and more. Finally, with the This intimate connexion between the two powers [Freemasonry and f I rise of the Liberalism of the eighteenth century, which was Cabalistic Judaism] [writes R. Lambelin] is becoming so evident that there fostered and promoted by Masonic influence, the Jews is no longer any attempt made to deny it. The Jewish lodges of B’e Berith, which originated in the English-speaking countries, have swarmed ( were accorded full rights of citizenship, first in France all over Europe, and even into Asia ; and they assume the leadership ji nndthen, owing to the expansion of the French Napoleonic of control in the whole Masonic organization. Under cover of Theosophy i I Empire, in nearly every country of Europe and America.1 a new religion, which is specifically Jewish, though enveloped in a nebulous mist that obscures its character, is bidding fair to take the place of the 1 In France the Jews were enfranchised in 1791 at the instance traditional Christian belief which it Batters, and insensibly destroys.* tf the Jacobins, the most aggressive and militant of the Finally, the history of the Jews of Europe during the •nti-Chnstian Masonic organizations of that time.’ Ever past three or four centuries is suggestive in this connection. ®ce that time, with the exception, perhaps, of the early The emancipation of the Jews and the unprecedented | Napoleonic period, the Masonic Jews and the Masonic growth of the influence and power of the great Jewish f societies have dominated the public life of France, whose financiers have synchronized with the rise and growth ’ wh-clericalism, secularism, and divorce-laws have mostly of the Masonic movement of the past two centuries. a?.?, Oliver Cromwell that readmitted the Jews into England in ®Op. cit. vol. iit p. 24. . > ®17ui century. Although Luther and most of the first Protestant leaders 2 L’Abbé Emmanuel Barbier, Infiltrations Maçoniques, quoted in JDht ■ Γ® bitterly hostile to the Jews, as was Voltaire, two centuries later, it is (Præ^oless, that the growth of the financial and political power of Apolog., art. ' Franc-Maçonnerie,’ col. 99. wCabafistic Jews in modem times is mainly due to the movements of ® Cf. Mgr. Dillon, The War of Anti-Christ with the Church (Dublin, 18851 Luther and Voltaire were the standard-bearers. p. 20. «· Abbé Barruel, Mémoires sur le Jacobinisme. * Les Victoires Israel, pp. 211-212. 1. κ Β ί. ί 52 THE IRISH ECCLESIASTICAL RECORD been inspired from that source? Roumania, where the Jews did not possess the full rights of citizenship, and were precluded from acquiring property in land was forced by j Bismarck (author of the Kulturcamp, and closely identified j with Freemasonry of the most extreme type) at the Congress < of Berlin (1878) to grant them full civic rights? At the j Peace of Paris (1918-1919) Poland was forced, in the same way, to grant such privileges to the Jews living within her borders as almost to constitute the Jewish colony a kind of State within the State? At the same Congress the Jewish leaders were accorded practical control of Palestine I as a quasi-independent or incipient Jewish State under the protection of Britain. To-day Jewish financial and political power is especially felt in the countries which have fallen i most completely under the influence of Freemasonry and ' un-Christian Liberalism, such as the United States of I America, England, France, Germany, Russia, Roumania, etc. | Hence it is, that by many Catholic writers on present- ■ day Freemasonry and its anti-Christian activities the term j Judaeo-Masonic is frequently applied, as it has sometimes | been by the present writer, to indicate the dominant in- I fluence of the Cabalistic section of the Jews in the world- f wide movement against the Catholic Church. The term, ' of course, refers only to Masonic Jews ; and does not imply t any indictment against the Jewish nation as a whole. How j far its use is justified the reader must judge for himself. I E. Cahill, s.j. [To be condvded.] THE IMAGERY IN THE CALENDAR OF OENGUS By Rev. G. O’NOLAN, M.A., D.Litt. HIS long religious poem, of 2,370 lines, was first published in 1880, being Vol. I. of the Irish Manu­ script Series, in the Transactions of the Royal Irish itakmy. It is attributed to Oengus the Culdee (Céile Dé) who flourished about the beginning of the ninth century ; but none of the manuscripts from which it was printed are ailier—or much earlier—than the year 1400. Linguistic Jasons led the late Dr. Whitley Stokes to the conclusion that the Calendar could not have been composed much before the end of the tenth century, so that the authorship d Oengus the Culdee seems at least very doubtful. The poem consists of a Prologue of eighty-five quatrains (540 lines) ; this is followed by the Calendar itself, 366 ^trains, one for every day in the year (1,464 lines); then comes the Epilogue, 141 quatrains, with two extra foes, making in all 566 lines. The whole poem is written in the syllabic metre known uBimnaird, of which the following quatrain may serve u a fair specimen :— T Mani tuicce samlid ord fil for ar lôidib, I not-dlomaim fiad dâlaib | it dallchéilliu doinib (Prol. 313-316). 'If you do not understand so the order of our lays, I declare before fisenblies that you are more dull-witted than (other) people.’ j I In many quatrains there is also internal rhyme i between the final word of v. 3, and the first or second I i fessed word of v. 4, e.g. :— 1 Cf. Belloc, op. cit. chap. ix. Lambelin, op. cit. chap, iv.-v. * Cf. Deschamps, op. cit. vol. ii. p. 416. Quite recently (in the year 1928) a memorandum has been published on the Jewish question in Roumania which is signed by several university professors and leaders of the Roumanie nationalist party. It contains very striking statistics, showing how the land, the industries, even the professorial chairs in the universities, are now owned or occupied by Jews. The tale told is in fact the story of the expropriation of a people by the peaceful penetration of an alien element (cf. Rev. Intern, dee. Soc. Sec., May 6, 1928). 3 Cf. The Tribune (Rome) of August 28, 1927, for an important article on ‘ Masonic Activity in Bulgaria,’ which, according to the writer, is directed and controlled by the Cabalistic lodges, some of which are exclusively Jewish, and t all include a strong Jewish element. The Jewish lodges are those of the B'ne ’ Berith already referred to. romberthar buaid 1ère a ri grène gile (Prol. 8-4). 'May the guerdon of devotion be given to me, O King of the white sun.’ conamraib each solad ar molad dot rigraid (Prol. 11, 12). ‘May every solace be mine for my praise of Thy Kings.’