The Irish
Ecclesiastical Record
A JHnntblg Journal unbrr (Fpisropal Sanction

J AN LAKY 10 JUNE. 1951

VOLUME LXXV

FIFTH SERIES

BROWNE AND NOLAN

LIMITED. NVv-Al <ΓΡΕΕΓ'

ALL SIGHTS RESERVED

88

ï

THE IRISH ECCLESIASTICAL RECORD

In the light of these letters of Father Ludovico Mans»
it is imperative for us to reconsider our judgment on .Tank·
Blake. We must beware of being unduly impressed
evidence of the Carew Papers, on which the theory that
poisoned O’Donnell has so far relied. The reports hrougiback from Spain to men like Mountjoy, Carew and len ■were notoriously unreliable ; the very ship which conV^;
the news that O'Donnell had died of poison reported t>>
Father Archer was dead, despite the fact that the iam^
Jesuit was in excellent health and was to figure largo) Irish affairs for nearly twenty years to come.1 ïntie^,‘‘
closer and more critical examination of the évidente οι
Carew Papers shows merely that rumours to the effect σ*
O’Donnell had died of p<iis<.ning wen then circulating ■
Spain. There was no rej»ort. homier. that likike had F
petrated the crime. It was Carew who first ventured mention him as the possible assassin. But. even Carew P<this suggestion forward tentatively and nowhere m correspondence do We find that he ’later had any confix
tion whatsoever of his surmise «

nit JhashTI
o ϊχ1''t*
not «> th"

................... ....

"'‘"''"-'iy ilvnHnwtra·· ■■ th·
ίA">
>'·ν hunils of UUke·. ™ .

Ifatrh O’lh.nnell nu-l
indevil. tuny yet

ί

η·»*ιιπ-1ι lut» <Γινϊ.»ν*·π,ι ti **'* H’”h
1 f"l* '*■ by Philip ΠΙ or w
*“e rcsul* of the investiention onof Mitiitoni, inifmriii 1 . - ' nT“rt of jt ,n «h·· ' "'■‘"‘ "’’’'J
on the alkvd tn^J
<-ld»..ld » tm»i
ner> of James Blake of GalwayFlfEL-i Rn K Al.

■■ ■ Λ i-uwKfeh
death
'‘’il’V'*..... '
A F

■Η·
Μ·
■ .·. »

<x

*11*'·· ”> '■"'"'."'’'.""t »■“

aorattune

Af «Wd., ΐΗβ tU£

t

I i-AWi·.,.

I κ.ΙΪ :■ v F*· ,n

of Blake.

fr,im Bllbo :Bilbrt< <··^ ti-.;
Τ'· "■ ·■■* i- <:· i c- ■· - ■ ■ ‘i5·’ l'. .· ·■

he

. J

’ r‘>* .1.·»-δΐ

?" ··’’■ ··.«, b.-

..ln *

Fa,bi?r
,,

·» *^·

nh’u'‘ '

subject. make.**710
f iylttfimiation.

_ r. -

THE ORIGINS OF ISRAEL: TWO VIEWS
By Rev. J. J. W. MURPHY. C.SS.ll.

ISE .-IM) J-rLFILMEXT b? Arthur Koestkr
;.nd Trial un i En-ir by Dr. I haim Weizmiinn are,
1 think, the tirs! tw> b<>-ik·* about Pak-din*· published
iince the British MaudUv ■■lub'd ilu re at midui'jht of 1-lth
May. ll’IS. It is safe t > predict that, before b»n*r- there will
be many others ; that they will exprès». many different
That is according tn the established pattern. It indicates i
diiVwulty that faces anybody who is g*uuint-ly imparti»
about Palestine and who wants to preserve impartiality ii
writing about, it. The Zionist side of the ease has all tip
resources of modern propaganda at its disposal and use
then» «kilfullv. The Arab side is weak in such resource
and l u ks skill in using what ii has. So. in order t<* rrdres
the hal.mcc. if i> often necessary for an impartial writer
n> po sent th»* Arab eam- himself and to point out much
t'nat i- misleading in tin· voluminous Zionist presentation.
Tids gives the impression that the writer i< pm-Arab and
auti-Zionist..1
I trust, therefore, that it may not be out ol place tor
nu* h· dveiart· tuv personal attitude towards the Palestine
• liv'Uion i.j f.>rv ntl'cring me comments on these two hooks.
1 have seen it on the spot in terms of flesh and blond
■‘Τ'--- Arab - f Pal·’-*·».· th’t-f..r·· ft-·!- hiuvwlf ur.-i·’ an rtv.-rwi’.dnuiw
:ι·'<-.··τ?γ .t; th<. |.Γ·χ·π:αΙ:·.Γ. •'f hi» ca”·· f> *.λλ conacwure ot tiw wor«i. · ·. ·
Açr-»:·-·» *hfc K-uintiSeaily fiuu'.rolled publicity of the two nutpr rnn.ineiu» t,e

hae about ,ιβ tcuch change >- = had th” Lh-rv-sl.·.·^ hef> r-· Kn· ι.··ι»'Γ ’·■'■'* ■·*’
pt:S -A O|~: hiriu ir..' f'-ri
T·. 121-2, by Sir R-nal 1 »*··γΓ'. *··' *'**·
hr.,.f J-rtsal-m nmi-r British mi.·- Mr. K*«rttaf rails him
' »’► of flÆ nu;.t -ubrle an-l determined opponont” of the Zi->ni-<
,
‘ΐ· R». I>r. Wçizmann says ‘He waa «’verj-nne’i friend t?·
C.v.l
’4<ted t«> wm the confidence of the Jew”. Sir RonaM Η>ω-·*'ί! u'!s'
"? '.
’**■^8 told him that hie impartiality w-uld be judged
him
ίκψι on complaining that he favourwl th** otter w-le- an'- '*■' '
*ith dsstnisRa} if «x/coplaintâ came freru ono side only-

40

THE IRISH ECCLESIASTICAL RECORD

especially of blood- from November, 1946, to Julv, ISMi
I saw in it then, and I still see. all the classical elements .1
true tragedy : a conflict, not of good with evil, but of parti t
good with partial good, resulting in great human sufienm.',
against a background of historic doom and of theologæd
mystery before which the appetite for ready comment -fd
confident judgment is quickly lost.
Promise and Fulfilment is not an impartial book, but *’·
is in the main an honest book in that it does not hide it»
Zionist bias. It is also very trank about certain unpleasant
aspects of Zionism- -almost defiantly frank, one feels
times. Zionists have made much, of the material benefit
brought by their enterprise to the Palestinian Arabs. MrKocstler points out that
«ie.se benefits were not intentional .
No eiFort ου the part of tbs
Jews could have induced the Arabs voluntariis to acquiesce in their fr«
But the point is that the Jews }iard(y mad(, ;ny effort in
directi.e
at all. . . . They meant no harm to the Arabe; all thev expt-t.v d
them was to sit still and watch them taking the eountrv over un<l run^
it m their own efficient way to even b.dv’s benefit. .
. Th. «rr^Î
the extreme Zionist preached a united front of the Arab J(II1 .Γσ«ί’prolétariat to liberate the feffahwn fp,m their feudal exp].,it--r, b
fact however, each Jew. Marxist or not, regarded himself as ;t ηι-πΐΐ*'
of the chosen race and the Arab as his inferior. . . . Their .Uir.v>:
phrases anti their talk of mutual understanding were bound to n-ru’^
up >r ri x— ; hr. J.a.I *k. v <>■:>>«,(><{ .ij, ..ubjt'-t-’ve ju-ticc t,f the krJ·
ea>e, they would have had t<> renunne·.· their aim.»

'À

■1

The t-lb-et of Mich frank admissions niu.-t L· «■‘■i Hiipn-s-u··'.
on the reader that truth at ,-dl csH h H,,· moth, of thi*
book. 7It may lie Mr. Koesi fcr‘.s mottv. but flic b>-ok
tainly dots not live up tu if, A<-.^rdin<r f,·:· Ji-wish writer.
Dr. Rolnirt Wdtseh. ‘Mr. K-w stlcr’s’hook is ',■·
■ - a ciiriuu»
assortment nf half-truths. which he uses for Lis a
according tu his o«n uteds. This upnlk. nrimurilv > . h*
htoturwal narradvc «here an arbitrar/vlechon or omission
of iatts may irrndv. rt.!Ptlv ΐΓί„,;^
whnh; pii.lun_
Mr. Iv —“-r v . ci.Vf j gy h, „ h<jr,v ur d u t
( ‘ ■
tab· the trouble t«. strai^e,, out ^riain
i’-vv t.·

’74/

: i

fi. lf

.V.-nlW>. X

?2 ■

pt*», yr. ♦■12-S,

THE ORIGINS OF ISRAEL : TWO VIEWS

41

That Mr. Koestler was in a hurry to write his book and
did not take time to verify his facts would seem to be the
best explanation of his many mis-statements. He was not
m Palestine when most of the events happened about which
he writes. He tells us in his preface that he lived there
front the age of twenty to twenty-three and has, since then,
revisited it 4 at fairly regular intervals ’ of five or ten years
from 1020 to 1948—his last visit being in the first week of
June. 1948, while British forces wore still in Haifa. During
that time he visited Ein Hasbofet, the collective settlement
war Haifa which had served as a model for his Zionist
’"2 ·η ia haU Thieves in the Night. He tells us that
l'p go*· · ;,>| -;..v ··, (--prion ; in the communal Dining Hall all
*.·η<ϋ.<Γ ί’κ-,ΓΗ.-η rs avoided our table. I had thought
··;
n.ivvl riv-y were rather idealized; now I began
■ · ■- ■■■:-·:■ t}:,· murderer revisiting the scene of his crime.’1
M·,,;
,n pa|(»stine could have told him that his visit
’· f-u H-,h-.fp{ wo’ild not be a success. The 4 familiar
·’ ’ r< whom ii° th< »nghf he had idealized in his novel,
' :h'* ’i-.ey hid been deliberately misrepresented in
<oi t··.
... f'n O;· 5[r Koesfler’s political friends, and as
’■*·" · I view the great majority of Palestine Jews agreed

TW m-ident—about which, as always, Mr. Koestler is
'«“hh-j! .'ably frank—is worth noting as an indication of his
’
-it’ to write history according to the method which
’
-ih -pted. He calls it in his preface a 4 psycho-somatic ’
,
‘v’ !> n. while underlining the psychological factor,
n< d· r.y ,,r minimize the importance of politicot ir? ·*.■ "W-'· Titis sounds like a welcome change from
Λ *n ■* ’η -fi.-i’.i.sm. Before reading very far it becomes
Mr. Koesrk-r is not going to trouble us much
,.â ..
: ··*’-ν,,;·ι·οίη;<·· forces. Psychology is his line of
1
T,! H<,:’ hv nr,t,s tb lt - British sentry has his
.....

J"ThG is th? 4'.(jmatie ’ part and it is
î,!' Mr. Kotxthr see- into the man’s mind and
?h?· vb.ic-r uj shining Iwots 4 knows he is the

42

THE

ASriCAL RFA OKI)
Γΐ·ίΐΓίΐιΐιΐΓΐΙ of nu empire in retreat. Perliaf’'* ^·' '
>*,
hap», he knew that he was: but I doubt
P‘“.,
and I had very much lietter opportunities m kb"** and hundreds like him than had Air. Koes'lvr·
fj y
on the other lumd, had much ta tter oppi-rfu·.1·’· ■
ha<{ of kïiowiuff the Ein nadiofef Jev·'·. b’ji i!·'’'j.*
s<-cîii ît> have thought that he knew them ',,r} '
i
nd chapter Mr. Koesticr examin’ ' !,t : ·
, why most British officials "5
eif- opj>>scd to Zionism, ms he
F is very cleverly and λ cry i<r>
if U . 1
■If. enough to ensure that th»· 1
"
\\ lien the in era·»' . .....! ”
- .. “IHI
till· Perl fit}>>.>·< ~
K« x
v
!!1 apparent su|-p<r’.
If
-’st, he i,s surc »,·, ;*■ ■■,·;.!>'
«·>>«!
I ,
.’■··■' <«.* -xtract ironi (iH
r
h.. win find that if h., ■
> , ><”ϊί1·’Γ *' bribing and
■.. ..
■«* ·■ « tbt
1 · I* * ·?!■<
c
rs y-nL i» JMir{ of 5j. K »

r·
■■ -m

M·

«nd r
- s mi exisfenee nj'sid ’ ■ >; ί;*':
*■" n:-u fc.,
*'-i
n:on* op; w>rt unity »■; -t .1 ...
** ή>.
f7. ηΛ: ca'Mf” 'f Brin'd· , /}-■.■■ <r
■ ·’·« o h- ïiai.'.i •wntry. ΙχΡ iit' *’■
'
‘ ■■’ for ,t fhaj» ;ie Π.Ή »r .

■ ' · ·.

,

it

to îhe Pttl
f*i>Ϋ*Wv tiw
iwd hv H\v <t t

λ

*■■■’ ..
- r*

*

«

u

7V
p.jt*' rj

■i

THE ORIGINS OF ISRAEL : TWO VIEWS

<

■ >xion. for which the Commissu.n takes no rcspon. rather docs ils coiument suggest that this part of
i’v-er '■urinus misrepresentation of official records is on

dispossessed by Jewish lurnl policy, ‘
r ‘i‘i’ai sl .Mn than a reality." The Palestine Government
! t it v,,is ;t reality. After the report of th·'
w
*r‘j.jid fn..> (1j- ^·!Γ ,]u}in Hope-Sinipson >>n V v
-ni. ;ti 1930. the Government invited Arabs who
S- v" *Kr Uirwl Ιυ !’PPb’ f°r allotments of State land,
q.
Aa-S
UP to
,,nly bill hmdle^ A rale
’-'alid claims for new land; in 1 »36 only ’·» : in
,<Γιν β ; {■>.<{ aft<-r that there were none. These ligures
“ '■ Ή·.- pr-tblrin was never serious, and was quickly
'>nv,G to inform his readers that over 3JXJ0
iUUl that their applications w< v<* Wl'^‘
l’ew CXi’vptions he mention'', imt
‘irli d' ’ 'Γ' : i><’“us’ ’”1ll Avalise the Government
;λ·.
'r *.ίΓ!,:ϊ!
scheme six categories of Arabs who
-•rA -η
t^v*r hmd to Jews or had it sold over their
Lommission considered some of the grounds
■ ■ ·■.. j‘ ,ir'duly restrictive.’ Some restriction was
: fi t <dlls* nia,i··' Arabs won’J have sold their nr
,
th’* Jews at th·· firs! ·■> portunity.
Lil
ey had tn be protected against themsciv
•
*’U8 >
true of some Arabs who were
ΐΐ-·.ι-d‘>. as χν<·11 as true of those wtiose
e made th« temptation of Jewish ready
HïVlSl·
u’ulc.i But to say that the problem
> ’ was more a political slogan than a
:ble With any complete presentation of
presents onlv the fs»et< r*on»r>iitihlc
Zi· ■ .

;-e find Fulfilment i> devoted to

·■·.
■'

·

■ ■ ■ ·. .V p- opl··. i/ making «xd'Jieai

THE IRISH ECCLESIASTICAL RECORD

!

:i

■

propaganda out of human suffering, Its heading is ’ I’·’
Little Death Ships.’ Its theme is the efforts of the Ziuiiis·J
to save Jews from the Nazi persecution in Europe by ■ ri’ '
ing them to Palestine, being thwark-d by the callous p··!-*
of the ‘White Paper.’ issued by the British Governin'ct p
1939 in order to placate the Arabs by drastic resirietia.'· 1
•Jewish immigration. The climax of the heart-rending st'r*
as told by Mr. Koestler. was the nuiss-suii-ide of the ·!·‘"
in flu· British ship Patria, who blew up themselves and tl·»·’*
ship in Haifa harbour on ‘25th November. 194·». when r>.
entry to Palestine and laved wi;h deportation to tl·· ί'ΐ··'·'
of Mauritius for the dura I ion of the war. To the outs'»l't
this prwsjject may seem not quite an adequate ni'·*'·· !l
nmss-sHioi<|<·. but Mr. Ko.-sih r k-]K the -story v. «.·!' t‘ ■
lew p-oph- will stop ti> think of tlint. The proper eorum*’1'1
on it all is due irom a Jew rather I han from a Gentile. l’r
Robert Welts-h. whom I ba-.c .-.Ireudv
vfis ■ 1
M.mlhbj ; Mr.
r -sv-l·
tin·
‘
•■■■An up L- |·. ,>-a n [ι-îs-eti·.··, r-. Ewrwip· in Pa!· -J !'
1 h,u thi- wiK i;,.»f
,n i},,s
iiinuanimn··’'
motives were eyi.irntlj subordinated to po’it cal.1
lor nne distinguish cd Jfrt j.. ς3χ· q,;l· moihrr
repeated a story .-f^h g^,. 1!iu...r;·. wil:, y ....
Pab-.sbne kn,.w.
„ ...,r -■
T
‘l 7Γ'· Γ ίθ
' ! ..... ’ίΊ·

rtain that tl
or h··. i .·. j

uv. no* I·'. :
r-iw i-\ ,< .j.

ί

This Ù» what
t’«H r-l-f I1W

>f nnu-b
T

Ji·. ■
m nr· >tive.

pob y

r
iWiitry of n <· J..» - ,· .j,,·,. .

I ' -t^nheut
.;d
r s i pl η» · i»Wir„inw).

to
th
K

THE ORIGINS OF ISRAEL: TWO VIEWS

kj

■’.e Jewish problem is that it subordinates hntn.-.i,in
· - political advantage while it «om nines to appeal to
■•:.>.-icn<v of the world on purely humanitarian, groun >.
;· Dr. Weltsvh again: ‘
. disagreement Wi.’h Air.
*'st;·flh.iiild not be mistaken for vindication ·>ι B.;· -1.
' ■•I I certainly should not hkv the- Disk of \ in ii-’.ng
’-■' i policy in Palestine. either in prii.- inie or m J. mil.
■s tb faults. which were many, did i:.»t 1(ppt-ar io :■>·.· as
*'■ A!y 'æ'-cribed by Air. Κ>>· <ΐ·.·’·. His ehapf.T-L< nding.
·■
<>>':ier Ir-l.-.nd ‘ will at ira-··; Iridi rr.dus. . nd
·* ,n;'.· H iding il. bui i! b impcriaid for th. in,
·ι:>: the truth about Pal.-s· inc, to n-nic-ml 1er that
Λ '•P -r'.-.B ii<-f in Palestine when any of the events.
;” Γ·> (: bv him. look place.
.
d t nd by him on page 261 may b·. worth quoting
Γ ^‘C I,a‘i a?rived in Palcstim a young Jew ' told
•I s.c-nes about British intrigue·, which >ο:ί <!i-d
.. ,ι,Λ* UlKo,n*ne!ng. But tian if y>n know that X. is
'■■•i!.'1»
r you try t-> prow d the more nne>»nwdl
,i. ;n
U!(l fi>
;hc {r!ith y;ju
·η ·Γ-ΐ* \i?,e :
1 ό·>
Mr' K'- r
. ,, , ·’ ''’''‘Ted
Hie· i..· in i>rdir ;o pr«>\r hi-, ease
1 W
in c >γ·>Μ<ίή
| ;.> Zioukm. But
U >. f. ... - ;
..·.'.
...J -f ;,
"
i m-.-cici; *'
the «ruth <.f his ease
,
■t t
’ ■*
k·^-. ι·:ι··· f::’’ 'han h»- ought Io Lav·*
. r’‘
-"■.ni s and \i‘rif\iiig hA n-fcrem-e·.
'' ; '"· ‘i-.r -.ο ui-ich of bix ίι·.ί··;< should be
■ t
·■·'.;> · >,<
rt-'-iing -.'yl·1 and vouai have
r .... ?
'■·■
h ■ H.)h Land In making ils recent
.
-· ” ’tticrs could have done.
“4 Pai■im ■■aine to an end about tliree
>■
* ; Ε«··νΐ r’. ar.-i’. ,d in the first week of June,
;; r'· ur . s,i;,K. large gays in my information
ί ’r;7 <n *h«rp during th·.- subsequent twelve
' J' :
‘ k Tw. · , .g
and Fulfilment with
f !-!· ·- L .4- aec.iwn* <4* what, the authorjaw
■ 'r h‘-i'···;: in Palestine from -h»® to QÇtoher·

46

THE IRISH ECCLESIASTICAL RECORD

A lot of it, of course, is hearsay and pointing of the morabut it contained the first account that I saw in print of what
happened in Palestine during those historic weeks tW
decided the fate of the State of Israel, as related by sonie υ
the Jews who planned and fought for it. Naturally
account is one-sided, but as much of it as is first-h?^
seems reliable, at least as far as I have been able to check it
Certainly it is on the whole more reliable than ‘Book
which was written as I have already described ; but that inot claiming much for it.
,
The chapter in ‘Book Three.’ entitled ‘The Politic*
Structure of Isnv I." will not. 1 fear, be studied by themaj0^
of Mr. KoesHcr’s readers. The political structure of
is a complicated building. There were a <1··ζιη poWK
parties when I was in Pahstin·.·. ranging froin Extreme
to Extreme L« ft with Religious somewhere between.
have been added since th n. wh*-n Hie Irgiin Zwei E·
and the Stem Gang came up from ’ underground ' >·’■ ‘
votes. The ‘ I.Z.L.’ did not do too badly with hmr!· > ■■■
out ot a bitn! of 120: Stem g<it oi-.e onlv. Mr. Km Ή·'"
lis: -)l !:*· nt-.re mip’-rtaat partii s' cn page ‘233. >■
ï d·· r.-c vs· tlie ■ I· hud ' -Dr. Magne.-’ 1 *'
Part*.,
ami for

■ rb r.d-'aip vith. ·!·«· Anils <·η th.P b-.s - -i ie-.r
>peared. It ruvrr hid ni'.d·. p< lr;vai i:
I think h:·.*·. the moral standing of its leader wa
jjre ·'»■>■· ?h in '”w.‘
.«r.v v'h’T .lew >n P .l..-:»;..·

ot i· »n:. ■<■·..n-'x.*- r’-'.i
!.-i
)f thou-o
<*f Ant-s inct n»m I1/:«;■):
.. .. .
any Jc r G frer * f n-spom-bilny for
if*. . r ? : v ο h \ h« w-a.id b- »1 first to ι.,ϊ ;ν. . :.i
nwK·’· repit
r‘-‘ '-hiiut r.>par.d.
an. h T· v
:r. f*.
-..‘id

t

t

nes ; ti„
p.
This ;s r »
·'» spirj , J p-.,·
‘ '

‘f s-.nd re

THE ORIGINS OF ISRAEL : TWO VIEWS

47

have been an active member of it, had he lived, but he died

in 1940 organizing a Jewish international force to fight
against the Nazis. More than once in Palestine I thought
I could see a strong family resemblance between Jabotinsky’s
'-yiritnal heirs and the Nazis. Others, both Jews and British,
«aid they saw it too. Mr. Kocstler claims that ' almost every
point of Jabotinsky’s programme has either been implemented
by official Zionism or vindicated by the trend of events ’
ίρ. 301). Both these statements would be challenged by the
great majority in Israel to-day, if the election results, above
quoted, are any indication.. It is thus clear that Mr. Kocstler
thinks politically with a minority. His thinking may be
orürr than that of others ; the exaggerated nationalism and
rare-worship characteristic of the. Nazis may be the logical
«κ’ινοπ and nemesis of political Zionism.
He asked a
Jewish wounded soldier in Haifa, 2
*4 Do you really believe
th" Irgun are fascists ? ’ ‘Of course they are. . . . You
nnly to look at them. They are the type ' (p. 196).
Oh course Mr. Koestler did not agree, but if he is right about
w> ■■
an.i ;f i |1C majority of Israelis are also right about
■e
J
heirs, the Irgun Zwci Leumi (now the 4 Freedom
l’-.rfy y the future of Israel will not be what its present
*.V Ύ.·- P;t7|y ;.up ÎS h. ,ÎM .
•I'. K.x xtler is ahu >s;
• ri'J’.t ab<-ui th.’.· p-.Jiticul
fHi ·
:.· r.Pçrj..,,
fs
iiΓίί<· ” 1’ι·Ιϊσ:<·ικ Bloc" is
- î
'•.ι ·ϊ\<· different religious
■ (f.'tii-i i·/.· Wijtt/fn'tf Party'—a
2 in Israel
V !-.us only sixteen seats in
it, but thl
mail number is important when the
m ι-tii ik..ti in <1‘ parlies makes a coalition th·.- mdy
brm ( f g= Vi-rnment. II·' says Hia* the intluvnee of
-■ -'Ι.-.ΐ·· h· calk ’ wi-.nc.vhfi! machiavellian ‘ is con' i ί;-.·. i>v bi,!;'i-.d bar rcmmir. Hwy have managed
highly unpopular with
as
the cniomenu nt of
■merth· :x m·!iority. such
observance and ·..■«’ kosher Co.kL Their influence
JiHiF not think it can
ten veers. and then ’ a vociferous
!

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BgsssaS8SBi^»g

THE IRISH ECCLESIASTICAL RECORD

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but bloodless secular revolution ’ will make a clean sw«?
of political relations between the State and the Synagogw
Having lived for seven months in friendly contact with e
large and fervently religious Jewish community in Tripoli·
tania, I think I know the difference between religious L'*’
and those who are not, and I agree with Mr. Koestler »
putting the great majority of Israelis in the latter eg
There is a small body of Jews in Palestine who live only IiK
their religion, but most of the rabbis seem to put their tnfc
in politics rather than in prayer, since the rebuilding of & ’·
began to look likely to come by human means.
One of the collection of essays, which forms
Three,’ is oi thr rebirth of the Hebrew language. -’
readers will !v> disappointed that Mr. Koestler has lid’1
io .say ab-»ni it. What he sav.s is no! sympathetic. ;
only point of practical interest which he makes. \ that daluh.ibc! s’.i aild be l:itini/,rl, Still, wlia- he says i- ·■
redding, if only for its bri-.f hi&turv “f the moeena-Ji* '
make Hebrew, after being a dead language for
;
years. 4t;f. living language i’ a thorough I ·, n:· ·’
Ηΐ··· :ι:·.’ΠΛ i! stit.. j! u·,IS.
inur·»'. <1 s'·.'.-·:· nee·. SSI I?
ha?«* .· I’oimuizn Kn.-nagc f.τ nil the ■sib·.'·, tongues. s!
nations of Jews who „.ί!ηΐι;
jat;, l»t<L--tim sir.ee l'n‘
each with th* tongue in vbh-h h·. wa ·
describ'd in the .V is of t»y. Ann*tlIB
i.»«. t- '
the 'sunmon ianguag·; dr.uj(|
Hebre w
ye <’
pared to «tending thas a!l Am*ri-ui · >::■
Latin. Y«t it ··.·?-<■ -.>«’:.,i u„. χττ. rr. . .· rr lb'.ilk·;

I

49

d ton Id be reminded, by being faced with dark questions like
these, that the Jewish problem is no mere matter of this
world only. In the course of 1050, Mr. Kocstler formally
accepted the consequence of his opinion and announetd that
lit.· no longer considered himself a Jew.
Promise mid Fulfilment will be read with interest and
Λΐίΐι profit by all who know rhe main facts of Palestine’s
n-o-at histon·, and who arc therefore in a position to know
wbt·η Mr. Kocstler departs from these facts. It will be read
with interest by many others.
J. J. W. Murphy.

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M·.

I i di-.ni that ·»,ν
I ' ■ vi?

Jtw

...........
gig
rcj-;i ■

w
n< *. ? ’ Mr. Koestler answers simp·1'
' o a J ■ w. T ■?>· π Wf·’ -■ ·;·;·-γt!... s V. ·
■’ *.
tiw iimus r,; >. τ s:
ktif
A»rhut 1 *Wl ..w . q.o i,;.^ afc„ ■
*h
'···- '!···· ·< Av.·., q
■ ■ ? ■-,< i S ilbmtfltfoi

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THE ORIGINS OF ISRAEL : TWO VIEWS

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